Kopo
Your energy renovation made easy
Introduction
Presentation of the Kopo project
Kopo is an innovative dApp that allows individuals to simplify the process of applying for Energy Saving Certificates (ESC). With Kopo, beneficiaries can follow in real time the progress of their application from the platform. The particularity of Kopo is that all the files created are stored on the blockchain, thus offering transparency and total traceability.
Moreover, since the blockchain is unforgeable and immutable, records cannot be altered or deleted. The dApp has been developed to be easy to use, secure and transparent to provide an optimal user experience.
Project context: ESC in France
In France, the Energy Saving Certificates (ESC) have been set up to help individuals finance their energy renovation work. However, the process to obtain these aids is often long and opaque, with many backs and forth between the different stakeholders, which can take more than 6 months.
In addition, there has been an increase in the number of cases of fraud, which has led to a strengthening of control and security measures, with an anti-fraud budget that has risen from 0.5 million euros to 7 million euros in just three years. Yet ESC are essential to achieving Europe's 2050 greenhouse gas emission reduction targets. It is important to note that the slightest error or irregularity can invalidate a folder, which can discourage individuals from undertaking energy renovation work.
Kopo was developed in this context to simplify and secure the ESC application process and thus facilitate access to grands for individuals.
Objective of the case study
In France, the Energy Saving Certificates (ESC) have been set up to help individuals finance their energy renovation work. However, the process to obtain these aids is often long and opaque, with many backs and forth between the different stakeholders, which can take more than 6 months.
In addition, there has been an increase in the number of cases of fraud, which has led to a strengthening of control and security measures, with an anti-fraud budget that has risen from 0.5 million euros to 7 million euros in just three years. Yet ESC are essential to achieving Europe's 2050 greenhouse gas emission reduction targets. It is important to note that the slightest error or irregularity can invalidate a folder, which can discourage individuals from undertaking energy renovation work.
Kopo was developed in this context to simplify and secure the ESC application process and thus facilitate access to grands for individuals.
Presentation of Kopo
Description of the dApp and how it works
Kopo is a decentralized platform that allows users to simplify and secure their requests for Energy Saving Certificates (ESC). It uses blockchain technology to guarantee the transparency and immutability of data exchanged between beneficiaries and obligated parties.
The process begins with the creation of a folder by the beneficiary on the platform, where he can quantify his work and estimate his remaining costs. He can then submit his request for financial aid and send the necessary documents to the corresponding obligated. The latter can then validate or reject the application based on the required compliance criteria.
Throughout the process, the unique smart contract associated with the application allows the progress of the application to be tracked in a transparent and unchangeable manner. Kopo offers an innovative and efficient solution to simplify and accelerate the ESC application process, while guaranteeing its security and authenticity thanks to blockchain technology.
Technologies used
Kopo is a dApp that leverages several technologies to provide an innovative solution for managing ESC records.
On the front-end side, the team chose to use Next.js for web development, Rainbow Kit for connecting to the user's digital wallet, Ethers.js for communication with the blockchain, and NFT.storage for managing NFTs. For user notifications, the team integrated React Toastify. The solution also integrates Wagmi.sh which simplifies the connection to the blockchain and acts as a global state manager. Finally, the dApp uses the TailwindCSS library.
On the backend side, the team chose Hardhat, a development platform that facilitates the development process of smart contracts. Some smart contracts are Upgradeable to allow future modifications of these smart contracts. OpenZeppelin is used to provide security features such as authentication and authorization. Chai is used to write unit tests and Eth-gas-reporter to track the gas costs on the blockchain. Finally, Solidity Coverage is used to measure code coverage during unit tests.
Team
The Kopo project was carried out within the framework of the training courses offered by Alyra. The multidisciplinary team was composed of two developers, four blockchain consultants and an expert of decentralized finance (DeFi).
The developers worked jointly on the development of the dApp. The blockchain consultants brought their expertise in the choice of the blockchain as well as in the management of the project in agile mode, while the expert in decentralized finance brought his expertise in the elaboration of decentralized financing mechanisms.
The collaboration of these different skills has enabled the successful completion of this ambitious project and the creation of an innovative solution to simplify the process of ESC files.
Features
Front-end features of Kopo
The Kopo dApp offers two distinct user paths: the beneficiary path and the obligated path.
The beneficiary path begins by connecting the user's digital wallet to the dApp. Once this connection is established, Kopo displays the user's existing ESC folders and allow the user to create new ones.
The creation of a folder involves the deployment of a smart contract which represents the folder on the blockchain. Then, the user can add a document to the created file, such as a renovation estimate, which will be converted to a NFT and sent to the designated obligated for validation.
The document will then appear as "pending" until the obligator validates or rejects it. The dApp uses the event of the smart contracts present on the blockchain to display the folders and the files.
For the purposes of this POC, the obligated dashboard has been simplified. The documents to be validated appear directly and the obligated can view, validate, or reject them easily.
Operations performed on the blockchain
The Kopo dApp uses five different smart contracts to work properly:
- KopoAddressProvider: this is an Upgradeable smart contract that acts as a router for the dApp by bridging the gap between the Kopo interface and the various smart contracts used. It is modifiable and can be updated to integrate new smart contracts needed by Kopo or to update their Ethereum addresses;
- KopoFolderFactory: this smart contract of type Factory makes it possible to duplicate the smart contract "KopoFolderHandler" which represents the ESC application folder on the blockchain;
- KopoFolderHandler: this smart contract of type ERC721 and IERC721Receiver represents the ESC application file. It can receive NFTs that represents proofs of claim (documents). This contract can also mint a single NFT that will represent the folder. This NFT can then be used in the DeFi for transfer or collateralization operations;
- KopoDocumentHandler: this smart contract of type ERC721 allows to generate NFTs according to the data entered by the user and to link them to the right folder. In order to improve the security during a possible file transfer, the NFTs cannot be transmitted without the agreement of the recipient.
Conclusion
The Kopo solution provides an innovative and relevant response to the complex issue of managing Energy Savings Certificate applications. Thanks to the blockchain, Kopo guarantees total decentralization, increased transparency, and security of exchanges between the different actors. In addition, the solution saves considerable time for beneficiaries and obligated parties thanks to a single platform for estimating the cost of the work, estimating the remaining costs, and submitting applications for financial aid.
The technologies used for Kopo are state-of-the-art, combining a front-end framework such as Next.js, a UI library such as TailwindCSS and development tools such as Hardhat and OpenZeppelin libraries.
Smart contracts, on the other hand, are designed to enable smooth and secure management of ESC folders and records while minimizing transaction costs.
Overall, Kopo is a state-of-the-art solution for ESC management, offering innovative functionality, enhances security, and ease of use for beneficiaries and obligated parties.